
📚 Primary Level English Grammar & Basic English
Topic 2: Vowels and Consonants
यह topic Primary बच्चों के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है, क्योंकि vowels और consonants आगे चलकर word formation, spelling, phonics और articles (A, An) समझने में बहुत मदद करेंगे।
🎯 Learning Objectives
इस lesson के बाद विद्यार्थी:
- 5 vowels पहचान सकेंगे।
- 21 consonants पहचान सकेंगे।
- Capital और small vowels लिख सकेंगे।
- किसी word में vowels पहचान सकेंगे।
- vowels और consonants को अलग-अलग कर सकेंगे।
- आसान words बनाना शुरू कर सकेंगे।
1. What are Vowels?
English alphabet में 5 main vowels होते हैं।
⭐ The Five Vowels
A, E, I, O, U
Small letters:
a, e, i, o, u
बच्चों के लिए याद रखने की लाइन:
A, E, I, O, U — These are the five vowels!
2. Vowels – Capital and Small
| Capital | Small | Example |
|---|---|---|
| A | a | Apple 🍎 |
| E | e | Elephant 🐘 |
| I | i | Ice cream 🍦 |
| O | o | Orange 🍊 |
| U | u | Umbrella ☂️ |
3. Vowel A
A a
A for Apple 🍎
Apple में पहला letter A है।
👉 A = Vowel
More examples:
- Ant 🐜
- Axe
- Arm
- Animal
Practice:
A a A a A a
4. Vowel E
E e
E for Elephant 🐘
👉 E = Vowel
More examples:
- Egg 🥚
- Eye 👁️
- Ear 👂
- Eagle 🦅
Practice:
E e E e E e
5. Vowel I
I i
I for Ice cream 🍦
👉 I = Vowel
More examples:
- Ink
- Insect 🐜
- Igloo
- Iron
Practice:
I i I i I i
6. Vowel O
O o
O for Orange 🍊
👉 O = Vowel
More examples:
- Ox 🐂
- Owl 🦉
- Onion 🧅
- Ocean 🌊
Practice:
O o O o O o
7. Vowel U
U u
U for Umbrella ☂️
👉 U = Vowel
More examples:
- Up
- Uncle
- Under
- Uniform
Practice:
U u U u U u
8. What are Consonants?
English alphabet में 5 vowels के अलावा बाकी सभी letters को consonants कहते हैं।
English में:
26 total letters − 5 vowels = 21 consonants
21 Consonants:
B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z
9. Vowels and Consonants Together
Vowels:
🅰️ A E I O U
Consonants:
B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z
10. Easy Trick to Remember
बच्चों को कहें:
A E I O U are special letters.
और:
All the other letters are consonants.
11. Vowel पहचानिए 🎯
नीचे दिए letters में vowels पर गोला लगाइए:
A B E C I D O F U G
Answer:
A, E, I, O, U
12. Consonant पहचानिए
नीचे दिए letters में consonants चुनिए:
A, B, E, F, I, K, O, M, U, T
Answer:
B, F, K, M, T
13. Vowel या Consonant?
| Letter | Type |
|---|---|
| A | Vowel |
| B | Consonant |
| E | Vowel |
| F | Consonant |
| I | Vowel |
| K | Consonant |
| O | Vowel |
| T | Consonant |
| U | Vowel |
| M | Consonant |
14. Words में Vowels पहचानिए
अब बच्चों को केवल letters नहीं, बल्कि words में vowels पहचानना सिखाएँ।
🍎 APPLE
A P P L E
Vowels:
👉 A, E
Consonants:
👉 P, P, L
🐱 CAT
C A T
Vowel:
👉 A
Consonants:
👉 C, T
🐶 DOG
D O G
Vowel:
👉 O
Consonants:
👉 D, G
🥭 MANGO
M A N G O
Vowels:
👉 A, O
Consonants:
👉 M, N, G
15. More Word Practice
| Word | Vowels | Consonants |
|---|---|---|
| CAT | A | C, T |
| DOG | O | D, G |
| SUN | U | S, N |
| PEN | E | P, N |
| FISH | I | F, S, H |
| BOOK | O, O | B, K |
| MANGO | A, O | M, N, G |
| TIGER | I, E | T, G, R |
| APPLE | A, E | P, P, L |
| ORANGE | O, A, E | R, N, G |
16. Vowels Count करना सीखें 🔢
CAT
C A T
👉 1 vowel
MANGO
M A N G O
👉 2 vowels
APPLE
A P P L E
👉 2 vowels
ORANGE
O R A N G E
👉 3 vowels
17. Fill in the Missing Vowel
1.
C _ T
Answer: CAT
2.
D _ G
Answer: DOG
3.
P _ N
Answer: PEN
4.
S _ N
Answer: SUN
5.
F _ SH
Answer: FISH
18. Choose the Correct Vowel
1. C _ T
A. A
B. E
C. U
Answer: A
2. D _ G
A. A
B. O
C. I
Answer: O
3. P _ N
A. E
B. O
C. U
Answer: E
4. S _ N
A. A
B. I
C. U
Answer: U
5. F _ SH
A. I
B. O
C. E
Answer: I
19. Make Words Using Vowels
बच्चों को एक consonant और अलग-अलग vowels देकर words बनवाएँ।
C + A + T
👉 CAT
P + E + N
👉 PEN
P + I + N
👉 PIN
D + O + G
👉 DOG
C + U + P
👉 CUP
इससे बच्चों को समझ आएगा कि vowels words बनाने में बहुत महत्वपूर्ण हैं।
20. Vowel Family Practice
A Family
- cat
- bat
- mat
- rat
- hat
इन सभी words में vowel:
👉 A
E Family
- pen
- hen
- ten
- den
- men
Vowel:
👉 E
I Family
- pin
- tin
- bin
- fin
- win
Vowel:
👉 I
O Family
- hot
- pot
- cot
- dot
- box
Vowel:
👉 O
U Family
- sun
- bun
- fun
- run
- cup
Vowel:
👉 U
21. Question–Answer Practice
Q1. How many vowels are there in English?
Answer: There are five main vowels.
Q2. Name the five vowels.
Answer: A, E, I, O and U.
Q3. How many consonants are there?
Answer: There are 21 consonants.
Q4. Is B a vowel or a consonant?
Answer: B is a consonant.
Q5. Is E a vowel or a consonant?
Answer: E is a vowel.
Q6. Is M a vowel or a consonant?
Answer: M is a consonant.
Q7. Is O a vowel?
Answer: Yes, O is a vowel.
Q8. What is the vowel in CAT?
Answer: A.
Q9. What is the vowel in DOG?
Answer: O.
Q10. What are the vowels in APPLE?
Answer: A and E.
22. 🎮 Fun Activity – “Vowel Jump”
कक्षा में पाँच cards रखें:
A | E | I | O | U
Teacher कोई word बोले:
CAT
बच्चे उस vowel card के पास जाएँ:
👉 A
Teacher:
DOG
बच्चे:
👉 O
Teacher:
SUN
बच्चे:
👉 U
यह activity बच्चों को vowels जल्दी पहचानने में मदद करेगी।
23. 🎲 “Vowel Clap”
Teacher words बोले।
बच्चे जितने vowels सुनें/पहचानें, उतनी बार clap करें।
CAT
A → 1 clap 👏
MANGO
A, O → 2 claps 👏👏
ORANGE
O, A, E → 3 claps 👏👏👏
24. 🏃 Vowel Race
Board पर लिखें:
A E I O U
फिर अलग-अलग letters बोलें:
B, A, T, O, M, E, R, U
बच्चा केवल vowels पर जाकर tick लगाए:
✓ A
✓ O
✓ E
✓ U
25. ✏️ Classwork
A. Write the five vowels
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Answer:
A E I O U
B. Write the small vowels
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Answer:
a e i o u
C. Circle the vowels
- B A T
- P E N
- F I S H
- D O G
- C U P
Answers:
- A
- E
- I
- O
- U
D. Write the vowels in these words
- CAT → ______
- DOG → ______
- SUN → ______
- MANGO → ______
- APPLE → ______
Answers:
- A
- O
- U
- A, O
- A, E
26. 🏠 Homework
Homework 1
Write the five vowels A E I O U ten times.
Homework 2
Write 10 words containing A.
Example:
cat, bat, mat…
Homework 3
Write 5 words each containing:
- A
- E
- I
- O
- U
Homework 4
इन words में vowels को underline करें:
- Apple
- Tiger
- Mango
- Orange
- Rabbit
- Elephant
- School
- Pencil
- Banana
- Umbrella
⭐ Quick Revision
English Alphabet
26 letters
Vowels
5
A, E, I, O, U
Consonants
21
B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z
याद रखने की लाइन:
A, E, I, O, U,
Five vowels we always use!
🌟 बच्चों के लिए आसान सूत्र:
A E I O U = Vowels
बाकी 21 letters = Consonants
📝 Mini Test – Topic 2
- How many vowels are there?
- Write all five vowels.
- How many consonants are there?
- Is B a vowel or consonant?
- Is E a vowel or consonant?
- Find the vowel in CAT.
- Find the vowel in DOG.
- Find the vowels in APPLE.
- Find the vowels in MANGO.
- Complete: C _ T.
Answer Key
- Five
- A, E, I, O, U
- Twenty-one
- Consonant
- Vowel
- A
- O
- A, E
- A, O
- CAT