📚 Primary Level English Grammar & Basic English

Topic 2: Vowels and Consonants

यह topic Primary बच्चों के लिए बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है, क्योंकि vowels और consonants आगे चलकर word formation, spelling, phonics और articles (A, An) समझने में बहुत मदद करेंगे।

🎯 Learning Objectives

इस lesson के बाद विद्यार्थी:

5 vowels पहचान सकेंगे।
21 consonants पहचान सकेंगे।
Capital और small vowels लिख सकेंगे।
किसी word में vowels पहचान सकेंगे।
vowels और consonants को अलग-अलग कर सकेंगे।
आसान words बनाना शुरू कर सकेंगे।

1. What are Vowels?

English alphabet में 5 main vowels होते हैं।

⭐ The Five Vowels

A, E, I, O, U

Small letters:

a, e, i, o, u

बच्चों के लिए याद रखने की लाइन:

A, E, I, O, U — These are the five vowels!

2. Vowels – Capital and Small

Capital	Small	Example
A	a	Apple 🍎
E	e	Elephant 🐘
I	i	Ice cream 🍦
O	o	Orange 🍊
U	u	Umbrella ☂️

3. Vowel A

A a

A for Apple 🍎

Apple में पहला letter A है।

👉 A = Vowel

More examples:

Ant 🐜
Axe
Arm
Animal

Practice:

A a A a A a

4. Vowel E

E e

E for Elephant 🐘

👉 E = Vowel

More examples:

Egg 🥚
Eye 👁️
Ear 👂
Eagle 🦅

Practice:

E e E e E e

5. Vowel I

I i

I for Ice cream 🍦

👉 I = Vowel

More examples:

Ink
Insect 🐜
Igloo
Iron

Practice:

I i I i I i

6. Vowel O

O o

O for Orange 🍊

👉 O = Vowel

More examples:

Ox 🐂
Owl 🦉
Onion 🧅
Ocean 🌊

Practice:

O o O o O o

7. Vowel U

U u

U for Umbrella ☂️

👉 U = Vowel

More examples:

Up
Uncle
Under
Uniform

Practice:

U u U u U u

8. What are Consonants?

English alphabet में 5 vowels के अलावा बाकी सभी letters को consonants कहते हैं।

English में:

26 total letters − 5 vowels = 21 consonants

21 Consonants:

B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z

9. Vowels and Consonants Together

Vowels:

🅰️ A E I O U

Consonants:

B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z

10. Easy Trick to Remember

बच्चों को कहें:

A E I O U are special letters.

और:

All the other letters are consonants.

11. Vowel पहचानिए 🎯

नीचे दिए letters में vowels पर गोला लगाइए:

A B E C I D O F U G

Answer:

A, E, I, O, U

12. Consonant पहचानिए

नीचे दिए letters में consonants चुनिए:

A, B, E, F, I, K, O, M, U, T

Answer:

B, F, K, M, T

13. Vowel या Consonant?

Letter	Type
A	Vowel
B	Consonant
E	Vowel
F	Consonant
I	Vowel
K	Consonant
O	Vowel
T	Consonant
U	Vowel
M	Consonant

14. Words में Vowels पहचानिए

अब बच्चों को केवल letters नहीं, बल्कि words में vowels पहचानना सिखाएँ।

🍎 APPLE

A P P L E

Vowels:

👉 A, E

Consonants:

👉 P, P, L

🐱 CAT

C A T

Vowel:

👉 A

Consonants:

👉 C, T

🐶 DOG

D O G

Vowel:

👉 O

Consonants:

👉 D, G

🥭 MANGO

M A N G O

Vowels:

👉 A, O

Consonants:

👉 M, N, G

15. More Word Practice

Word	Vowels	Consonants
CAT	A	C, T
DOG	O	D, G
SUN	U	S, N
PEN	E	P, N
FISH	I	F, S, H
BOOK	O, O	B, K
MANGO	A, O	M, N, G
TIGER	I, E	T, G, R
APPLE	A, E	P, P, L
ORANGE	O, A, E	R, N, G

16. Vowels Count करना सीखें 🔢

CAT

C A T

👉 1 vowel

MANGO

M A N G O

👉 2 vowels

APPLE

A P P L E

👉 2 vowels

ORANGE

O R A N G E

👉 3 vowels

17. Fill in the Missing Vowel

1.

C _ T

Answer: CAT

2.

D _ G

Answer: DOG

3.

P _ N

Answer: PEN

4.

S _ N

Answer: SUN

5.

F _ SH

Answer: FISH

18. Choose the Correct Vowel

1. C _ T

A. A
B. E
C. U

Answer: A

2. D _ G

A. A
B. O
C. I

Answer: O

3. P _ N

A. E
B. O
C. U

Answer: E

4. S _ N

A. A
B. I
C. U

Answer: U

5. F _ SH

A. I
B. O
C. E

Answer: I

19. Make Words Using Vowels

बच्चों को एक consonant और अलग-अलग vowels देकर words बनवाएँ।

C + A + T

👉 CAT

P + E + N

👉 PEN

P + I + N

👉 PIN

D + O + G

👉 DOG

C + U + P

👉 CUP

इससे बच्चों को समझ आएगा कि vowels words बनाने में बहुत महत्वपूर्ण हैं।

20. Vowel Family Practice

A Family

इन सभी words में vowel:

👉 A

E Family

Vowel:

👉 E

I Family

Vowel:

👉 I

O Family

Vowel:

👉 O

U Family

Vowel:

👉 U

21. Question–Answer Practice

Q1. How many vowels are there in English?

Answer: There are five main vowels.

Q2. Name the five vowels.

Answer: A, E, I, O and U.

Q3. How many consonants are there?

Answer: There are 21 consonants.

Q4. Is B a vowel or a consonant?

Answer: B is a consonant.

Q5. Is E a vowel or a consonant?

Answer: E is a vowel.

Q6. Is M a vowel or a consonant?

Answer: M is a consonant.

Q7. Is O a vowel?

Answer: Yes, O is a vowel.

Q8. What is the vowel in CAT?

Answer: A.

Q9. What is the vowel in DOG?

Answer: O.

Q10. What are the vowels in APPLE?

Answer: A and E.

22. 🎮 Fun Activity – “Vowel Jump”

कक्षा में पाँच cards रखें:

A | E | I | O | U

Teacher कोई word बोले:

CAT

बच्चे उस vowel card के पास जाएँ:

👉 A

Teacher:

DOG

बच्चे:

👉 O

Teacher:

SUN

बच्चे:

👉 U

यह activity बच्चों को vowels जल्दी पहचानने में मदद करेगी।

23. 🎲 “Vowel Clap”

Teacher words बोले।

बच्चे जितने vowels सुनें/पहचानें, उतनी बार clap करें।

CAT

A → 1 clap 👏

MANGO

A, O → 2 claps 👏👏

ORANGE

O, A, E → 3 claps 👏👏👏

24. 🏃 Vowel Race

Board पर लिखें:

A E I O U

फिर अलग-अलग letters बोलें:

B, A, T, O, M, E, R, U

बच्चा केवल vowels पर जाकर tick लगाए:

✓ A
✓ O
✓ E
✓ U

25. ✏️ Classwork

A. Write the five vowels

___ ___ ___ ___ ___

Answer:

A E I O U

B. Write the small vowels

___ ___ ___ ___ ___

Answer:

a e i o u

C. Circle the vowels

B A T
P E N
F I S H
D O G
C U P

Answers:

D. Write the vowels in these words

CAT → ______
DOG → ______
SUN → ______
MANGO → ______
APPLE → ______

Answers:

A
O
U
A, O
A, E

26. 🏠 Homework

Homework 1

Write the five vowels A E I O U ten times.

Homework 2

Write 10 words containing A.

Example:

cat, bat, mat…

Homework 3

Write 5 words each containing:

Homework 4

इन words में vowels को underline करें:

Apple
Tiger
Mango
Orange
Rabbit
Elephant
School
Pencil
Banana
Umbrella

⭐ Quick Revision

English Alphabet

26 letters

Vowels

A, E, I, O, U

Consonants

B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z

याद रखने की लाइन:

A, E, I, O, U,
Five vowels we always use!

🌟 बच्चों के लिए आसान सूत्र:

A E I O U = Vowels

बाकी 21 letters = Consonants

📝 Mini Test – Topic 2

How many vowels are there?
Write all five vowels.
How many consonants are there?
Is B a vowel or consonant?
Is E a vowel or consonant?
Find the vowel in CAT.
Find the vowel in DOG.
Find the vowels in APPLE.
Find the vowels in MANGO.
Complete: C _ T.

Answer Key

Five
A, E, I, O, U
Twenty-one
Consonant
Vowel
A
O
A, E
A, O
CAT