Adjective – Describing Words

📚 Primary Level English Grammar & Basic English

Describing Words – Adjectives (विशेषण)

इस lesson में बच्चे सीखेंगे कि किसी व्यक्ति, जानवर, वस्तु या स्थान के बारे में अधिक जानकारी देने वाले words को कैसे पहचानते हैं। जैसे — big, small, red, tall, happy, beautiful आदि।

🎯 Learning Objectives

इस lesson के बाद बच्चे:

• Describing Words का अर्थ समझेंगे।
• Adjectives को पहचान सकेंगे।
• रंग, आकार, लंबाई और गुण बताने वाले words सीखेंगे।
• Pictures देखकर सही describing word बता सकेंगे।
• Sentences में adjectives का प्रयोग कर सकेंगे।
• आसान questions के answers दे सकेंगे।

1. What are Describing Words?

Describing words tell us more about a person, animal, place or thing.

हिंदी में: किसी व्यक्ति, जानवर, वस्तु या स्थान की विशेषता बताने वाले शब्दों को विशेषण (Adjectives) कहते हैं।

उदाहरण:

• Big elephant — बड़ा हाथी
• Small mouse — छोटा चूहा
• Red apple — लाल सेब
• Happy child — खुश बच्चा
• Tall tree — लंबा पेड़

इन सभी examples में big, small, red, happy, tall describing words हैं।

2. Picture Learning 🖼️

BIG – बड़ा

An elephant is big.

हाथी बड़ा होता है।

SMALL – छोटा

A mouse is small.

चूहा छोटा होता है।

RED – लाल

This is a red apple.

यह लाल सेब है।

HAPPY – खुश

The child is happy.

बच्चा खुश है।

TALL – लंबा

This is a tall tree.

यह लंबा पेड़ है।

3. Common Describing Words

A. Size – आकार

English	हिंदी अर्थ
Big	बड़ा
Small	छोटा
Large	विशाल / बड़ा
Tiny	बहुत छोटा
Huge	बहुत बड़ा

Examples:

• A big ball.
• A small box.
• A tiny ant.
• A huge elephant.

B. Colours – रंग

English	हिंदी अर्थ
Red	लाल
Blue	नीला
Green	हरा
Yellow	पीला
Black	काला
White	सफेद
Pink	गुलाबी
Orange	नारंगी
Brown	भूरा
Purple	बैंगनी

Examples:

• A red rose.
• A blue bag.
• A green leaf.
• A yellow banana.
• A black cat.

C. Height and Length – लंबाई

English	हिंदी अर्थ
Tall	लंबा (कद/ऊँचाई)
Short	छोटा / कम लंबाई वाला
Long	लंबा
High	ऊँचा
Low	नीचा

Examples:

• A tall boy.
• A short pencil.
• A long rope.
• A high wall.
• A low table.

D. Feelings – भावनाएँ

English	हिंदी अर्थ
Happy	खुश
Sad	उदास
Angry	गुस्से में
Afraid	डरा हुआ
Excited	उत्साहित
Tired	थका हुआ

Examples:

• A happy child.
• A sad girl.
• An angry man.
• A tired boy.

E. Qualities – गुण

English	हिंदी अर्थ
Good	अच्छा
Bad	बुरा
Kind	दयालु
Clever	चतुर
Beautiful	सुंदर
Clean	साफ
Dirty	गंदा
Strong	मजबूत
Weak	कमजोर
Sweet	मीठा

Examples:

• A good student.
• A kind teacher.
• A beautiful flower.
• A clean room.
• A sweet mango.

F. Taste – स्वाद

English	हिंदी अर्थ
Sweet	मीठा
Sour	खट्टा
Bitter	कड़वा
Salty	नमकीन
Spicy	मसालेदार

Examples:

• Sugar is sweet.
• A lemon is sour.
• Some medicines taste bitter.
• Chips can be salty.

4. Noun और Adjective में अंतर

याद रखें:

• Noun किसी व्यक्ति, स्थान, जानवर या वस्तु का नाम बताता है।
• Adjective उसकी विशेषता बताता है।

Sentence	Noun	Adjective
A red apple	apple	red
A big elephant	elephant	big
A tall boy	boy	tall
A beautiful flower	flower	beautiful
A clever girl	girl	clever

उदाहरण:

The ball is blue.

• Ball = Naming Word (Noun)
• Blue = Describing Word (Adjective)

5. How to Use Adjectives in Sentences

Pattern 1: Adjective + Noun

Describing word को noun के पहले रख सकते हैं।

• A big house.
• A red rose.
• A clever boy.
• A sweet mango.
• A beautiful bird.

Pattern 2: Noun + is + Adjective

• The house is big.
• The rose is red.
• The boy is clever.
• The mango is sweet.
• The bird is beautiful.

ध्यान दें: दोनों patterns सही हैं।

6. Choose the Correct Describing Word

Question 1

An elephant is ______.

A. Big B. Tiny C. Short

Answer: Big

Question 2

The sky is ______ on a clear day.

A. Green B. Blue C. Pink

Answer: Blue

Question 3

Sugar is ______.

A. Sour B. Bitter C. Sweet

Answer: Sweet

Question 4

Ice is ______.

A. Hot B. Cold C. Dirty

Answer: Cold

Question 5

A giraffe has a ______ neck.

A. Long B. Short C. Tiny

Answer: Long

Question 6

A lemon is often ______.

A. Sweet B. Sour C. Salty

Answer: Sour

Question 7

A clean shirt is not ______.

A. Dirty B. White C. Beautiful

Answer: Dirty

Question 8

A person who helps others is ______.

A. Kind B. Dirty C. Sour

Answer: Kind

7. Fill in the Blanks

Use these words: red, tall, sweet, happy, clean, big, cold, beautiful

• An elephant is ______.
• A rose can be ______.
• Sugar is ______.
• The child is ______.
• A giraffe is ______.
• Ice is ______.
• We should keep our classroom ______.
• The garden has ______ flowers.

Answer Key

• Big
• Red
• Sweet
• Happy
• Tall
• Cold
• Clean
• Beautiful

8. Match the Following

Column A	Column B
1. Sugar	a. Tall
2. Giraffe	b. Sweet
3. Sky	c. Red
4. Rose	d. Blue
5. Ice	e. Cold

Answers: 1–b, 2–a, 3–d, 4–c, 5–e.

9. Identify the Adjective

नीचे दिए sentences में describing word पहचानिए।

• The cat is black.
• Rohan is clever.
• This is a small box.
• The mango is sweet.
• The flower is beautiful.
• The water is cold.
• She has a red bag.
• The road is long.
• The room is clean.
• The baby is happy.

Answers

• Black
• Clever
• Small
• Sweet
• Beautiful
• Cold
• Red
• Long
• Clean
• Happy

10. Picture Description Activity 🎨

बच्चों को किसी picture को देखकर दो describing words बताने दें।

Sunflower

• Yellow
• Beautiful

Sentence: This is a beautiful yellow flower.

Toy Car

• Small
• Red

Sentence: This is a small red car.

Dog

• Big
• Brown

Sentence: It is a big brown dog.

11. Speaking Practice

Teacher बच्चों से पूछें:

Q. What colour is an apple?

Student: An apple can be red or green.

Q. How is sugar?

Student: Sugar is sweet.

Q. How is ice?

Student: Ice is cold.

Q. What is the size of an elephant?

Student: An elephant is big.

Q. How is a kind person?

Student: A kind person is helpful.

12. Fun Classroom Activities

Activity A: Describe Your Bag

बच्चे अपने bag के बारे में तीन sentences बोलें।

Example:

• My bag is blue.
• My bag is big.
• My bag is beautiful.

Activity B: Opposite Words

Word	Opposite
Big	Small
Tall	Short
Hot	Cold
Happy	Sad
Clean	Dirty
Good	Bad
Long	Short
Strong	Weak

Activity C: Find Something

Teacher बोले:

• Find something red.
• Find something small.
• Find something long.
• Find something blue.

बच्चे classroom में उस वस्तु को पहचानें और उसका नाम बोलें।

13. Classwork

A. Underline the Adjectives

• I have a blue pen.
• The elephant is big.
• This is a beautiful flower.
• The mango is sweet.
• The boy is happy.
• It is a clean room.
• She has a small bag.
• The road is long.

Answers: blue, big, beautiful, sweet, happy, clean, small, long.

B. Write a Suitable Adjective

• A ______ rose.
• A ______ elephant.
• A ______ mango.
• A ______ day.
• A ______ classroom.
• A ______ rabbit.
• A ______ tree.
• A ______ child.

Sample Answers:

• Red
• Big
• Sweet
• Sunny
• Clean
• Small
• Tall
• Happy

एक से अधिक answers सही हो सकते हैं, यदि वे sentence के अर्थ के अनुसार हों।

C. Make Sentences

इन adjectives से एक-एक sentence बनाइए:

• Big
• Small
• Red
• Happy
• Beautiful

Sample Answers:

• The elephant is big.
• The mouse is small.
• The apple is red.
• I am happy.
• The flower is beautiful.

14. Homework

• Write 10 colours in English with Hindi meanings.
• Write 10 size and shape describing words.
• Write five sentences using adjectives.
• Draw an apple, a flower and a house. Describe each picture using two adjectives.
• Learn these opposite pairs: big–small, hot–cold, happy–sad, clean–dirty, tall–short.

15. Questions and Answers

Q1. What is an adjective?

Answer: An adjective is a word that describes a noun.

Q2. What is a describing word?

Answer: A word that tells us more about a person, animal, place or thing.

Q3. Give two examples of colour adjectives.

Answer: Red and blue.

Q4. Give two examples of size adjectives.

Answer: Big and small.

Q5. What is the adjective in “a beautiful flower”?

Answer: Beautiful.

Q6. What is the adjective in “a tall tree”?

Answer: Tall.

Q7. What is the opposite of happy?

Answer: Sad.

Q8. What is the opposite of clean?

Answer: Dirty.

Q9. Which adjective describes the taste of sugar?

Answer: Sweet.

Q10. Identify the adjective: “The water is cold.”

Answer: Cold.

📝 Mini Test

Adjectives Quiz

10 Marks

हर प्रश्न का एक सही उत्तर चुनें। अंत में अपना score देखें।

1. Which word describes a noun?

Verb

Adjective

Pronoun

2. Which is a colour adjective?

Blue

Run

Book

3. An elephant is usually…

Tiny

Big

Short

4. Sugar is…

Sweet

Sour

Dirty

5. What is the opposite of tall?

Long

Short

High

6. Find the adjective: ‘a red apple’.

Apple

A

Red

7. Ice is…

Cold

Hot

Sweet

8. What is the opposite of clean?

Beautiful

Dirty

Happy

9. Find the adjective: ‘The girl is happy.’

Girl

Is

Happy

10. Which word describes size?

Small

Sing

Teacher

Submit Answers

0 of 10 answered

⭐ Quick Revision

• Adjective = Describing Word
• Big = बड़ा
• Small = छोटा
• Red = लाल
• Happy = खुश
• Sweet = मीठा
• Beautiful = सुंदर

याद रखने की लाइन:

An adjective tells us more about a person, animal, place or thing. 🌟